PMC

A. Volcano plot for chronic low-temperature acclimation group (A) after cold stress. Red points represent the upregulated genes; green points represent the downregulated genes (|log₂FC|>0.59 and p< 0.05), and blue points represent the not significantly DEGs (p> 0.05). B. Volcano plot for acute short cold stress group (B) after cold stress. The means of color points are similar to A. C. Total DEGs in the groups A and B after cold stress. D. Upregulated DEGs in the groups A and B after cold stress. E. Downregulated DEGs in the groups A and B after cold stress.

Effects of exogenous selenium on cold stress of cucumber seedlings. (A) The phenotype of control, selenium application, cold stress, and selenium application under cold stress. (B) Shoot weight of control, selenium application, cold stress, and selenium application under cold stress. (C) Leaf area of control, selenium application, cold stress, and selenium application under cold stress. (D) SPAD value of control, selenium application, cold stress, and selenium application under cold stress with 5 and 10 days treatments, respectively. (E) Net photosynthetic rate of control, selenium application, cold stress, and selenium application under cold stress with 5 and 10 days treatments, respectively. Values are expressed as means of three replicates ± SD, and different letters are significantly different (P < 0.05).

Effect of cold stress on visual damage symptoms of wild-type and CaMBF1-overexpressing transgenic plants. A, Wild-type Arabidopsis (Col-0) were subjected to cold stress for 2 h; B, Transgenic plants were subjected to cold stress for 2 h; C, Wild-type plants were subjected to cold stress for 6 h; D, Transgenic plants were subjected to cold stress for 6 h; E, Wild-type plants were subjected to cold stress for 24 h; F, Transgenic plants were subjected to cold stress for 24 h; G, Wild-type plants were subjected to cold stress for 48 h; H, Transgenic plants were subjected to cold stress for 48 h. The differences among treatments are marked with white arrows in rosette leaves. Photographs show plants subjected to cold stress for 48 h.

(A) Statistical analysis of DEGs identified in winter and spring B. napus ecotypes after cold stress. (B) Venn diagram of upregulated gene between spring and winter B. napus ecotypes after cold stress. (C) Venn diagram of downregulated gene between spring and winter B. napus ecotypes after cold stress. (D) Fold change statistics of DEGs identified in spring and winter B. napus ecotypes after cold stress.